The Stranger and the Myth of Sisyphus Why That’s Absurd! Essay Example

The Stranger and the Myth of Sisyphus? Why That’s Absurd! Paper The Stranger and The Myth of Sisyphus? Why That’s Absurd! Prior to the mid-twentieth century, â€Å"tragedy† was an extraordinary word saved, as Aristotle composed, just for people with great influence. Pioneer writing (led by Arthur Miller’s Tragedy and the Common Man), be that as it may, muddied the waters †delineating a wide range of kinds of individuals as terrible saints. Among the first of these supposed ordinary citizen disastrous saints was Albert Camus’ Meursault. Like the traditionally terrible Sisyphus in old Greek folklore, Meursault experiences an emergency, is rebuffed in a silly way (he is condemned to death not for executing a man, yet for being inadequately melancholy after his mother’s passing) but then in the end acknowledges his destiny. The Myth of Sisyphus, a philosophical exposition written in 1942 by Albert Camus portrays the crazy and existentialist components of the great Greek legend. In the fantasy, Sisyphus is rebuffed by the Gods; he is sentenced to roll a stone up a slope (until the weight overpowers him and the stone moves down the slope) for the entirety of endlessness. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Stranger and the Myth of Sisyphus? Why That’s Absurd! explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on The Stranger and the Myth of Sisyphus? Why That’s Absurd! explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on The Stranger and the Myth of Sisyphus? Why That’s Absurd! explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Inside his 120-page article, Camus looks at Sisyphus’ amaranthine undertaking to the occupations numerous cutting edge people have in production lines and workplaces. â€Å"The worker of today works each day in his life at similar undertakings, and this destiny is no less absurd,† Camus composes. â€Å"But it is unfortunate just at the uncommon minutes when it becomes conscious† (Camus 77). This fascinating perspective on Camus has been copied over and over by different scholars, and in light of current circumstances. He precisely pinpoints the ridiculousness of the dull present day life and explains further on the idea of preposterousness in existentialism (in the cited exposition just as various different works). Surely, Camus trusts Sisyphus is foolish (and deplorable) in light of his obvious lack of interest †his affirmation of the purposelessness of his assignment and the acknowledgment of his destiny. Camus contemplates over what Sisyphus must think on his way down the slope (for the billionth or so time), and reasons that his ludicrous acquiescence has rendered him content. â€Å"Happiness and crazy are two children of the equivalent earth,† Camus composes. â€Å"They are inseparable† (77). â€Å"One must envision Sisyphus happy,† Camus later expounds (78). Correspondingly, Camus delineates Meursault as sensibly cheerful after he gets his sentence. Undoubtedly, Meursault is quiet sitting in his prison cell. As he intellectually sets himself up for execution, Meursault thinks, â€Å"As if that visually impaired anger had washed me clean, freed me of expectation; just because, in that night bursting at the seams with signs and stars, I opened myself to the delicate lack of interest of the world. Discovering it so much like myselfâ€so like a sibling, reallyâ€I felt cheerful and that I was glad again† (Camus 122/123). He acknowledges his destiny, however welcomes it as a sibling †wiped out; or rather, preposterously. All through the entire book, indeed, Meursault appears to be shockingly apathetic. Significantly after his better half Marie proposes to him, Meursault seems disconnected and passionless. These aspects of The Stranger (which perplex numerous perusers) surely add to the awfulness of the story. As per the guidelines of disaster in existentialism, both Sisyphus and Meursault experience crazy emergencies. Subsequently, both get horrendous disciplines †disciplines that would cause the normal individual critical pressure. Indeed, even with their emergencies and discipline, in any case, both Sisyphus and Meursault acknowledge the low-number and off-suit cards they were managed, maybe in any event, taking them eagerly. Both of their accounts are, in like manner, disasters (in the cutting edge sense if not as characterized by Aristotle). The Cabot Literary Glossary characterizes an awful legend as â€Å"a character who encounters an inward battle on account of a character blemish; that battle closes in the annihilation of the hero† (â€Å"Cabot Literary Glossary†). Sisyphus and Meursault both have evident defects †Sisyphus slights the Gods and Meursault murders the Arab †and both become aware of their disciplines. They are doubtlessly unfortunate legends as characterized both by Camus and existentialism all in all. Existentialism by and large is a rule dependent on the way that individuals have through and through freedom and are eventually answerable for their own decisions. Existentialism additionally looks at feelings and one’s embodiment versus one’s presence. It is further obvious that catastrophe fits into as well as is a necessary piece of existentialism. Catastrophe manages the imperfections one has and the decisions one makes concerning the defects. Both Meursault and Sisyphus are brought somewhere around their defects, and both make the evident (and maybe abnormal) decision to ignore the conspicuous sentiments of sadness and, as it's been said, put on an upbeat face. This is vital to both their substance and their reality. Indeed, even today, approximately seventy or so years after its consummation, Camus is generally viewed as one of the main existential essayists concerning silliness. This part of existential composing holds, fundamentally, that anything can transpire; generally, awful things can come to pass for good individuals. Or maybe, the foolish world where we live can fall anybody into catastrophe. Camus’ signature character, Meursault is one of the unequaled most noteworthy instances of a preposterous and heartbreaking legend for his aloofness and character when all is said in done. Sisyphus too encountered a calamity and endured a correspondingly ridiculous destiny. Generally critical of all, both respond along these lines: with satisfaction. Works Cited â€Å"Cabot Literary Glossary. † cpsia. k12. ar. us. Web. Gotten to 21 Dec. 2010. cpscia. k12. ar. us/Curriculum/Parent%20Guides/Hyperlinked%20%20Cabot%20Parent% 20Guides/Glossary. doc. Camus, Albert. The Myth of Sisyphus, and Other Essays. New York: Vintage, 1955. On the web, PDF. Camus, Albert. The Stranger. New York: A. A. Knopf, 1988. Print.

Effective Habits of Your Site Administrator

Viable Habits of Your Site Administrator Free Online Research Papers Order and perseverance are the establishment of my site administrator’s successful propensities nearby. By him staying kind and consistently centered around the master plan, in a domain that can turn into politically charged and in some cases genuinely hazardous, he can dispose of all pressure and now and again forestall political disturbance. He drives a Title I center school, in the south side of the city. Most of the understudies originate from lower financial status conditions, and he has gained notoriety for being reasonable, fair and an individual that completes things! He sets aside the effort to tune in to people, as an individual, and never treats anybody not exactly a person. On of his polished methodology, my director holds characteristics and propensities for brain, for example, confidence, persistence, instinct, modesty, anticipation, motivation, sympathy, and otherworldliness. Overseeing as well as driving from the heart has a significant effect. My chairman hears and comprehends his staff/understudies. Regardless of whether he can't help contradicting somebody, he doesn’t fundamentally make them wrong, however he recognizes the significance inside them, searches for their merchandise expectations, and is consistently honest with individuals, with sympathy in his words. He holds an open entryway arrangement, and is consistently noticeable for the duration of the day, all through the school. Don’t misconstrue his humbleness, for he is exceptionally proactive, continually starting in view of the end, while moving in the direction of the objective with extra special care. He at first looks to see completely, and afterward he tries to be completely comprehended. So as to accomplish the last mentioned, he first forms understanding and trust from others on the side of his vision; he doesn’t depend on control; his vision turns into our own. By communicating a creative style of authority, he centers around individuals, not on the framework, at the same time elevating others to make the wisest decision, not to do things right. My manager has driven his center school out of the most reduced scoring status school in the region, to the most elevated scoring school in the area. His staff is 100% faithful, substance and devoted to the vision he has imparted to us as a family. Research Papers on Effective Habits of Your Site AdministratorStandardized TestingPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyHip-Hop is ArtPETSTEL investigation of IndiaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Marketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThe Project Managment Office SystemOpen Architechture a white paper

How to Choose Your Research Paper

How to Choose Your Research PaperWhen a student approaches me for help with their writing, I always ask what kind of research paper they are interested in completing. This is important, because the type of subject matter will greatly affect how they write the paper. For example, some research papers require extensive textual and visual examples, while others need to be completed from only first-person perspectives.If the student has already studied a particular topic, they should learn as much as possible about it before starting on the paper. This will greatly increase their chances of completing a paper that the professor deems satisfactory. It also takes the pressure off them when they are writing the paper because they already know what they are going to be doing.It is also helpful if the student chooses a subject matter that interests them. Although it is fine to choose a topic that they are not really very familiar with, they must do this prior to getting started. Otherwise, th ey could easily become discouraged or confused by trying to tackle the entire topic on their own.The type of research paper that the student chooses will also greatly impact the quality of the research that they do. Some topics require more effort than others. If the student feels that they will not be able to put their best work forward, they should either move on to another project, or choose a different subject.A good way to choose a topic for a research paper is to look at something that they are already interested in. For example, if they like history, they can look into issues such as the Great Depression, civil rights, or other historical subjects. By choosing a topic that they already enjoy, they will avoid spending a lot of time researching it.Also, when getting ready to begin a research paper, they should familiarize themselves with the various types of styles. Styles refer to the various styles of writing, such as academic style, conversational style, and style that are m ore formal. By knowing the different styles, they will be more comfortable when tackling the paper.After learning about styles, the student can choose a topic that is more fitting for their research paper. Once they have chosen a topic, they should make sure that they have researched the topic well. As a result, they will be able to make a solid argument for their paper.Lastly, a student should always read about their topic of interest before completing their research paper. They should always understand what the topic entails and how they can use the topic to their advantage. This will prevent them from falling back on the research paper.

Children s Manifest Anxiety Scale - 1757 Words

Abstract The Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale is one of the most widely used self-report measures of anxiety in youth. It is used to diagnose overall anxiety in youth and also to characterize the nature of that anxiety. The purpose of revising the Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (CMAS) was to shorten the administration time, increase the clarity of the items, and reduce the reading level. Reliability and validity data appear to be adequate, though the internal consistency estimates for some of the subscales of the RCMAS are rather low. While self-report measures, such as the RCMAS, appear to be good at demonstrating convergent validity, they often struggle with demonstrating discriminant validity. Further reliability and validity data is analyzed, and strengths and weaknesses of the measure are discussed. Review of the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale The study of child and adolescent anxiety and depression has become an increasing concern over the past quarter of a century. With this increasing concern comes a need to establish psychometrically sound measures specifically geared toward a youth population. One of the most widely used self-report measures of anxiety in youth is the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS: Reynolds Richmond, 1979; Dadds, Perrin, Yule, 1997). The history of the RCMAS can be traced back to 1951 to Taylor’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS), which was created based on items from the Minnesota Multiphasic PersonalityShow MoreRelatedA Brief Description Of The Client1404 Words   |  6 Pagesresides in a foster home. She has difficulty with sleep and communication concerns. The foster parent reports that the client may be promiscuous, has poor hygiene, suffers from anxiety attacks and lacks anger management. Client has an IEP because of a learning disability. When residing with her bi ological parents, client s school attendance was poor, being absent from school more than 50% of the time. She has poor communication with her siblings and reports screaming and hitting her 6-year-old sisterRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesGeneralized anxiety disorder or GAD is described as excessive, exaggerated anxiety and worry about everyday life events with no logical reasons to justify it. Symptoms from this particular type of mental disorder include over exaggerated worrying and anxiety, an unrealistic view of situations in everyday life, fatigue, irritability, difficulty concentrating, muscle tension, and more. Life becomes a constant state of worry and dread. Eventually, the anxiety overtakes the person s mindset so muchRead MoreEffects Of Divorce On The United States1272 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Divorce on Children Divorce is comparable to an epidemic since it has been filtering through many societies at an increasingly alarming rate. According to the most current statistic, there are more than 2.1 million marriages in the United States (â€Å"Children of Divorced Parents†). Out of those, almost half end in divorce. Divorce nowadays is extremely common. In fact, in America there is one divorce every thirty-six seconds (National Marriage and Divorce Rate Trends†). Each year overRead MoreThe Relationship Between Anxiety and Stuttering in Adolescents1641 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween anxiety levels and stuttering in adolescents? The answer is still unclear. Many researchers have attempted to find out whether stuttering causes anxiety or if it is vice versa. Adolescence is a very emotional time, in which teens try to fit in and create their own identity and are experiencing who they want to become. Having a speech problem only makes the phase of adolescence the more stressing and diffi cult. That is why I wanted to see if adolescents who stutter have higher anxiety levelsRead MoreAttention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1760 Words   |  8 PagesAttention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is commonly diagnosed in childhood and affects approximately 5% of children worldwide (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). Once thought to be a disruptive behavior problem, it is now believed to be a neuropsychological disorder that results from abnormalities within the brain and manifests as functional deficits (Barkley, 1997). These deficits result in symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity. Current diagnosticRead MoreThe Effects Of Parental Divorce On Children1604 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween two different households, and living with only one parent, all create a challenging environment in which to grow up and live in. However, especially for young children, parental divorce is a turning point in their life. After a divorce, the life that follows is significantly different from how life was previously. For young children, witnessing parental divorce could possibly shake trust in reliance on parents, who now act in an extremely undependable way. Divorce surgically divides the familyRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder 806 Words   |  3 Pagesin your writing. First discovered in the 19th Century, the neurosis of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is a complex disorder consisting of obsessive thoughts often accompanied by compulsive behaviors that sufferers repeat in order to alleviate the anxiety caused by these thoughts. Discovery Prior to being seen as a legitimate mental health issue, OCD was originally thought to be a consequence of unholy behavior. Although the discovery of the disorder cannot be narrowed down beyond its major contributorsRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Teens And Adolescence946 Words   |  4 PagesAdolescence. Every year, thousands of American children suffer through their parent’s divorce. Divorce hurts everyone involved, but most of the damage falls to the children to bear and can even put their lives at risk. Even though divorce has been shown to help some individuals in a miniscule amount of individual cases, over the large scale of available cases it causes a decrease in the individuals’ quality of life. The changes and effects can scale anywhere from their being to effects to the effectsRead MoreAlfred Adler s Life And Life1433 Words   |  6 Pagesmedical degree from the University of Vienna, he began his medical career as a ophthalmologist. Adler examined personality and soon rejected Freud s emphasis on sex and believed personality difficulties deal with a feeling of inferiority coming from restrictions on the individual s need for self-assertion (Fisher). Josef Rattner wrote a book on Alder s life titled Alfred Alder (Literature Life) which was published in 1895. There are three very interesting things in chapter two of this wonderfulRead MoreCulture Shock Essay1136 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent definitions this is the most explicit. While focus is maintained on sojourners and tourists, the main idea is that changing cultures can have a major impact on the way people function. Boncher tends to stick to the idea that stress and anxiety can be heavily induced not only by encountering a different culture than an individuals own, culture- shock, but also through the way the new culture treats visitors from other cultures. Kalervo Oberg in 1960 used culture- shock to describe how this

My Career As A Doctor - 982 Words

It is amazing how straightforward the answer to this question can be, but how difficult it can be to put into words. I, like many others, have written, edited, and rewritten the answer to this question over and over. Although this has proven to be a frustrating task, I appreciate that this statement has only helped reaffirm my passion and dedication for this future career that feels so tangible while at the same time is years from fruition. My answer is simple, I want to go to medical school because I want to have a career as a doctor and it is the next necessary step towards that goal. Medical school is where I will be able to gain a more thorough understanding of the human body and all that is involved in it being healthy and ill. I will also be able to hone my interpersonal and communication skills so that I can better help my future patients better understand their bodies. I know I already have a good foundation, now I just need the training medical school provides to become a gr eat physician. Although, I am not someone who has known since childhood that I wanted to be a doctor, I have always known that I needed to do something that would allow me to help others while challenging myself. I realize that while concise, my list of career must haves are not the easiest to fulfill nor does it necessarily tie me to a career as a physician. I thrive not only when helping people, but by being as busy as I can be both mentally and physically. I have had the opportunity to workShow MoreRelatedMy Career As A Doctor1282 Words   |  6 PagesMy niece LuAnn has decided that she would like to have a career as a doctor. She is a very intelligent high-school student who is looking into her future and wants to make the right choices about her future. She has called me for advice about her pursuing a career in the medial field as a doctor. My niece LuAnn would like to find the best location for school and also a location for a medical career that goes beyond school. She knows I am taking a course in business economics and has asked me to putRead MoreMy Career As A Doctor1131 Words   |  5 PagesMy niece LuAnn has decided that she would like to have a career as a doctor. She is a very intelligent high-school student who is looking into her future and wants to make the right choices about her future. She has called me for advice about her pursuing a career in the medial field as a doctor. My niece LuAnn would like to find the best location for school and also a location for a medical career that goes beyond school. She knows I am taking a course in business economics and has asked me to putRead MoreMy Career Choice: Doctor Essay1440 Words   |  6 PagesAll my life I’ve wanted to be a doctor. I’d walk around my house with my plastic stethoscope and doctor bag ‘taking care’ of my family. I’ve just always been drawn to it. I think that it also may have something to do with heredity. Both my mother and my grandmother have worked in th e hospital; my mom in the mom and baby unit, and my grandmother as a floor nurse. However, that’s just a theory of mine. At the moment, I plan to go to college for four years or more to become a registered nurse. Read MoreMy Future Career As A Pediatric Cardiologist Doctor Essay918 Words   |  4 PagesI chose as my future career to be a pediatric cardiologist doctor. Medical field is a discourse community that resolves all physical and emotional problems. A community which gathers together to discus the level of care that each patient needs to receive in order to feel better. Doctors go through an intense medical program in college and extensive training to be able to treat the patients with the proper care. Medicine is considered an exciting profession and it provides plenty of rewards and challengesRead MoreWhy I Want to Be a Doctor1023 Words   |  5 PagesOpening- There are about 701,200 doctors in the United States. And I could be one of them. They treat people when they are sick or hurt. They give advice to patients to help keep them from getting sick. They bandage knees, prescribe medicine, sew up cuts. They bring new babies into the world and comfort older people who are sick or dying. And what made me go into this career was that I always wanted to do something in medicine. And I thought that why not become a M.D. And medicine is somethingRead MoreMy Career As A Career800 Words   |  4 Pagesgrow into a doctor, a fire fighter, or business owner lay a mystery in time. As I approach my time to attend college, I must choose what exactly I would study, so I could form a career out of it. In my seventeen years of life so far, I have had three predominant career choices: a neurologist, a writer, or a chemist. I’ve always wanted to be a physician of some sorts. This aspiration began in the very beginning of my life. When I was young, I would attend doctor appointments with my mother. I wouldRead MoreProject Is Formatted Correctly Based On Our Developing Individual Interests And Personal Goals1493 Words   |  6 Pagesdraft D) Outline E) Brainstorm 3) I have read my work aloud, slowly. 4) The project improves on the following areas of compositional difficulty: I have been working hard on subject-verb agreement and using more effective words. My early drafts had both problems, but after having used BH Online, I feel confident that my final draft should be almost free of the errors that I worked hard to improve upon. â€Æ' I. Introduction a. When researching a career, we must create an intellectually, creatively,Read MoreMy First Year At Dunbar Middle Magnet School1231 Words   |  5 PagesConfused, petrified, and slightly excited were the emotions that ran through my body during this brief time in my life. Thinking back on the moments in life that assisted in me choosing my career path brings up many mixed emotions. The moment I chose the career path I wanted to go on is my first year at Dunbar Middle Magnet School, sixth grade to be exact. It was the first week of school and all the students in my class had to stand up and introduce ourselves and tell what we wanted to be in lifeRead MoreBecoming A Doctor Is Not An Easy Process For Majority Of The Population1351 Words   |  6 Pagesothers it’s natural. The career I find interesting and may pursue is a Pediatrics doctor. Pediatricians are doctors who specialize in children, ranging from new born babies to eighteen years old. Individuals interested in this f ield will need a sense of mentality and dedication to work hard. Becoming a doctor is not an easy process; it takes time, motivation, and interest for this type of career. Once an individual is half way through the schooling process of becoming a doctor, there’s honestly no pointRead MoreMy Interest On Medicine Stems From Family Experiences1163 Words   |  5 PagesStatement My interest in medicine stems from family experiences. My grandmother suffered from Parkinson’s disease for most of her life and required constant care. Helping my grandmother with simple tasks like eating breakfast, or helping her up the stairs was a humbling experience. This experience drove my curiosity about the human anatomy, specifically the brain and how it is treated, which led to the realisation that, for me, a satisfying career would involve helping others. A career in medicine

The Irreversible Damage Caused by Fetal Alcohol Syndrome...

A pregnant womans lifestyle ultimately affects the development of her baby. Excessive exposure to alcohol during pregnancy can inflict serious, permanent physical and mental damage on her child. When a pregnant woman drinks alcohol she is making her child drink also. In knowing how Fetal Alcohol Syndrome can be prevented, what the symptoms are, and who and what make up the risk factors fetal alcohol syndrome can be better understood. The National Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome states Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is the name given to a group of physical and mental birth defects that are the direct result of a womans drinking during pregnancy (NOFAS 1). Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is the only disease that is one†¦show more content†¦The more people know about the effects of maternal drinking, the less likely they will drink while pregnant. The risks of drinking as little as one or two drinks a day may not seem like much yet they can cause a lifetime of birth defects. Symptom s of Fetal Alcohol syndrome are present not only at birth, but also during gestation. Low prenatal growth, and birth weight are common primary signs. A small head, small eye openings, droopy eye lids, a short upturned nose, thin upper lip, and small jaw are just some of the many physical abnormalities that can occur with chronic drinking. The physical birth defects are devastating yet just as much damage is unseen by the naked eye. Central nervous system defects such as Mental Retardation and behavior disorders can be seen. Poor concentration, impulsiveness and lack of judgment have a severe impact on the childs overall development. Children with behavior problems also do worse than normal children in school. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome children have problems paying attention, score lower in mathematics and spelling, and have lower I.Q scores. Not only do these defects get worse as the child ages, the vicious cycle of alcohol abuse is also very likely to continue. Fetal Alcohol syndrome children are more likely to become alcohol dependant adults than children of mothers who did not drink. All the devastating disabilities last a lifetime. Early and accurate diagnosis of Fetal AlcoholShow MoreRelatedHumanity Has Always Yielded To The Pressure Of Different1128 Words   |  5 Pages Humanity has always yielded to the pressure of different chemical substances that eventually caused it irreparable damage. Finding the â€Å"Cure† from the damage obtained was the next step. It seems that only now, when the number of the diseases caused by different substances has reached its peak, people have finally understood that the best â€Å"Cure† is the prevention of any forms of substance abuse. Alcohol is not the last one on the list of theses destructive substances. It is the â€Å"companion† of anyRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome : Causes And Effects1078 Words   |  5 Pages Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Alcohol plays a major role in society today. We consume alcohol for many purposes such as gatherings, holidays, or self fulfillment. One of the most frowned upon things that come with drinking in our society is drinking during pregnancy. Nonetheless, consumption of alcohol during pregnancy can result in pathologies for the mothers fetus leading to growth, mental, and physical birth defects, also known as Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. The severity of the effects fromRead More Alcohol And The Fetus Essay1518 Words   |  7 Pagessafe level of alcohol. Some people believe that drinking a little amount of alcohol will not harm the fetus. However, in reality, â€Å"there is no known safe level of alcohol consumption for pregnant women† (Walsh 2). A woman runs the risk of having a child with defects if she drinks regularly (Orenberg 167). â€Å"Binge drinking, or heavy alcohol consumption at one sitting, is particularly hazardous to the fetus because very high levels of alcohol enter t he mother’s blood stream† (â€Å"Fetal Alcohol†). High levelsRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol On Human Cells1409 Words   |  6 PagesEmily Rice BI 308-01 Professor Bilozur November 28, 2016 Alcohol-Induced Molecular Dysregulation in Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neural Precursor Cells Introduction Prenatal exposure to alcohol can cause profound amounts of birth defects and mental retardation. Drinking alcohol is composed of ethanol, a flammable liquid, which is made by fermentation. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, alcohol can affect different parts of the human body such as the brain, heartRead MoreMarisa Leathers. Kathleen Mccoy. Development Of The Exceptional1537 Words   |  7 Pages Marisa Leathers Kathleen McCoy Development of the Exceptional Child April 16, 2017 Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Discovered in 1973, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders were recognized from a specific pattern of cardiac, craniofacial, and limb defects between unrelated infants. The one thing the infants all had in common was that they were all born to alcoholic mothers (Bradshaw). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, also referred to as FASD for short, can lead to numerous physical and mental defectsRead MoreThe Effects Of Prenatal Exposure On Alcohol1389 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Prenatal exposure to alcohol can cause profound amounts of birth defects and mental retardation. Drinking alcohol is composed of ethanol, a flammable liquid, which is made by fermentation. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, alcohol can affect different parts of the human body such as the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, the immune system, and plays a role in cancer (NIH, n.d.). In the brain, alcohol can intervene in communication pathways, which affectsRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1100 Words   |  5 Pagesyou want your child to have FAS? Read on and I believe you will come to the same conclusion as I have about FAS. FAS doesn’t sound so bad, but in reality it is. FAS means Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. FAS is a combination of physical and mental defects first evident at a baby’s birth. FAS is a direct result of a woman drinking alcohol during pregnancy. These defects continue through out the child’s life. One in five hundred children are born with FAS. Your baby is at risk no matter how much liquor youRead MoreAlcohol : Alcohol And Alcohol Essay836 Words   |  4 Pagestopic for class is alcohol. Alcohol is defined as â€Å"Chemically, a compound characterized by the presence of a hydroxyl group; in common usage, a beverage made from fermented fruits, vegetables, or grains and containing ethanol.† (From the book pg GL-1) Ethanol is defined as â€Å"A specific alcohol compound (C2H5OH) formed from the fermentation of dietary carbohydrates and used in a variety of alcoholic beverages.† (From the book pg GL-4) Definition of proof is â€Å"A measure of the alcohol content of a liquid;Read MoreDrug Abuse Essay1546 Words   |  7 Pagesturn to marijuana, prescription drugs, club drugs, alcohol, or other substances as a means of coping with stress, peer influence, and failure of parents to prevent their children from making unreasonable decisions. According to the yearly â€Å"Monitoring the Future† survey of high school age teenagers in the United States, by the time our kids complete high school, a minimum of 40 percent have consumed an illicit drug and 70 percent have consumed alcohol. A. Drug addiction is defined as a chronic, oftenRead MoreDrug Safety in Pregnant Women and Their Babies1979 Words   |  8 Pagesan effective barrier from any harmful pathogen that may potentially harm the fetus. The timing of exposure of any teratogen is critical to the impact of prenatal development (Bethesda (MD), 2006). The most vulnerable time of the fetus for serious damage is during early pregnancy when all the major organ and central nervous system (CNS) are developing. Miscarriages can have an important role in keeping a pregnancy from evolving when there is something serious going on with the developing fetus/embryo

Taxation - Theory and Practice Law

Question: Describe about theTaxation, Theory and Practice Law. Answer: Issue: To analyse Chilean citizen Kit's tax residency status and to guide him to get the suitable taxation treatment from his received income. Rule: The tax residency status of a tax player is discussed through section6 (1) of ITAA, 1936. In the Tax Ruling TR 98/17, many tests are available (August 2013). It significantly helps the taxpayer (ATO, 1995). These four tests are described below: 1) Domicile Test This test is applied to the people, who are having Australian domicile, but staying in any foreign countries to meet the professional or personal satisfactions. This test is mainly used to check the tax residency status of them. The major condition of an individual to satisfy this tax residency status is that under Domicile Act 1982, the particular individual should be domiciled in Australian territory (Woellner et al. 2012). It is also necessary that particular individual should continue to stay in Australian territory as per the verdict of the Federal Commissioner of Taxation v Applegate case argument. The major fact to remember in this test is that after having Australian domicile also if a person has a permanent residence in any foreign country, then also he will not be eligible for this Australian domicile test. As per the discussion of Taxation Ruling IT 2650, The Tax Commissioner added many factors to check the location and interaction of the individual on his/her permanent re sidence (Matsushita et al.2015). Those influencing factors are stated below: The degree of bifurcation between the actual and expected duration of living outside of the Australia for the individual. The willingness of the person to settle down in the foreign country. Certain activities which influence to set up the residences inn the foreign countries. The reason behind the foreign trips The frequency and the duration of those foreign tours 2) Residency Test Residency Test cannot explain the statute. Therefore, the main area to analyse such test is the verdicts (Lang 2014). In tax ruling, many statements in the relevant cases are highlighted because of this test. Certain factors are listed below: Location of the permanent home Duration of stay in Australian land as well as foreign country The frequency of visits outside of the Australia Duration of the stay, especially to the own country. Purpose and intensity of visit (personal and professional commitments) in that situation (Howieson et al. 2014). The judgement of the Levene v IRC [1928] AC 217 case has considered it. 3) Superannuation Test The taxpayer will be treated as a tax resident in the Australian territory until the time that person will not be engaged in both the schemes, which are stated below: Public Sector Superannuation Scheme Commonwealth Superannuation Scheme. If the person meets the above-mentioned factors, then that person has the right to be known as the Australian tax resident. It can also be possible that the concerned person, who is staying outside of the Australia, is also involved in this scheme. This test is applied to the officers, who are shifted to the foreign countries under the orders of the federal government of Australia (Kenyon 2013). 4) 183-day test Under this section, it is necessary for the concerned person to stay in Australian territory for a minimum duration of 183 days, in the present financial year (Ronalds and Raper 2012). This duration of stay can be on either breaks or a continuing basis. Application: This case study shows that Kit has a permanent address in Australian territory, but he carries his Chilean citizenship. In Australia, he signed the employment contract. But due to professional commitment and certain circumferences, he has to move to Indonesian coast. Presently he is working in the Indonesian oilrig. He also has a permanent residence in Australia, where his family stays. The salary of Kit is credited into his Australian bank account, which he made as joined account with his wife. He has no other intension to stay outside of the Australia without this reason. After three months of continuous service, he gets an off for one month in this job. During this off-period, he go back to Australia to spend some quality time with his family or also opt for vacations in South America. Here, the important factor is that Kit is an Australian PR. Considering these all above mention factors, it can be told that domicile test can be applied in Kit's case. In this case, Kit has Australian domicile and carries an Australian permanent resident (PR). This is the main criteria of domicile test (Buchan 2014). Fromm the above case study, it can also be told that Kit has no plan to settle permanently outside of the Australia. In this case, it is also mentioned that he is eager to continue his staying in the Australian Territory. He maintains his joint bank account, where his salary gets credited. Therefore, it can be told that Kit fulfils all the important criteria of Domicile test. Hence, as per the section 6(5) of ITAA, 1997, he will be considered as an Australian tax resident (Maddison and Denniss 2013). According to the rules of the Australian tax law, Kit has to pay the taxes from all this income coming from both foreign and domestic land. The investment and salary income from the foreign countries will be called as ordinary incom e. Therefore, it will be taxed under ITAA provision. Conclusion: Considering all the given facts, it can be concluded that, domicile act justifies the case study of Kit. Hence, as per the Australian tax law, the investment and salary income of Kit from the foreign countries will be taxed. Issue: To analyse the nature of the earned income from selling the lands in these following cases. Californian Copper Syndicate Ltd v Harris (Surveyor of Taxes) (1904) 5 TC 159 In this case, the Californian copper company buys a land for copper mining purpose. Hence, the received income from this mining process will be called das capital income. This income is tax-free. However, in this scenario, it is seen that to get more profit, the company sold this land. Because the owner of this company is after a major profit; this only can be achieved by selling the land. After analysing these given facts, it can be stated that the profit income after selling this land will be taken as ordinary income. Hence, under tax law, this income will be taxed (Oats 2012). Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd v FC of T (1950) 81 CLR 188- In 1942 The main reason behind purchasing of this land is mining of the coal. After a period, the owner of the company thought of selling the land for residential purpose or further business improvements. He partitioned that property into various sections and sold each section with a premium rate. In this case, the court ordered that the company couldnt utilise this land for any residential, or business or personal purpose. Because the main aim of the company is to mine the coal from this property. Hence, according to the tax law, the income coming from the selling process will be treated as ordinary income (Hattingh et al. 2013). This income will be taxed. But Court didn't accept this fact. The Court also ordered that the company have no right to sell the land. Therefore, the income will not be taxed, as the type of the income is not ordinary. FC of T v Whitfords Beach Pty Ltd (1982) 150 CLR The main aim of the owner is to get a large amount of profit by selling this land. The owner is aware of the fact that he will get huge money from selling than his investment or the land. As the company is not willing to carry this business forward, so they are planning to sell this land. The gained profit from this selling procedure will be termed as ordinary income, and it will be taxed as per Australian law section 15-15, ITAA 1997 (Chalmers et al. 2013). Statham Anor v FC of T 89 ATC 4070 The owner of this lens, as described in this case is traditionally associated with farming. But he sold some parts of the land after a certain period to achieve more profit. As the farmer has no as such idea of profit-making or creative business activity (Langton and Longbottom 2012). Hence, the profit income will be considered as capital income after selling a small amount of that land. When any land is sold, it will be considered as the realization of the valuable property. Hence, under Australian tax law, that income will go for paying tax. Casimaty v FC of T 97 ATC 5135 Casimatys father gifted him this land. He nurtured this land and fenced this land. He did not have any plan to sell that property. However, unfortunately certain crisis came to his family, like financial crisis due to the health problem. Then he was bound to sell a major part of the land, i.e. 2/3rd of the whole area. As per the general tax rule, this received income from selling this land will be taxed. But in this particular scenario, the main intention of Casimaty is not to make the profit out of this activity. This income will be considered as capital income and it will also be liable for tax purposes. Because the main aim behind selling this land is to get rid of health problems and financial loss. This profit tendency is capital and cannot be considered for tax payment (Cogan 2015). Moana Sand Pty Ltd v FC of T 88 ATC 4897 The main aim of the Moana Company is to take sand out of the lands. After spending a long time, the land became the deficit of sand quantity. Therefore, the owner of the land divided into various small parts and stated selling. Form the fact it can be said that intention of the company is to make the profit by selling the land. Therefore, this income will be considered as ordinary income and will be sent for tax payment purpose (Martin and Manwaring 2015). Crow v FC of T 88 ATC 4620 In this case, the objective behind buying this land is farming. By taking a loan, the farmer bought a land. After a time gap, the farmer thought of selling the land. He divided the land into 51 small sections and stated selling at a high rate with different time gaps. This activity is repetitive by nature as he continued through selling. As per the Court's order the farmer is involved under profit making business. Hence, this profit will be granted as ordinary income and it will be taxed under tax law (Boyle 2016). McCurry Anor v FC of T 98 ATC 4487 In this case, it is noted that a person bought an old house for investing on it. He changed it into three townhouses by reconstructing it in a new way. He did this from the selling point of view. But unfortunately, he could not sell the house due to the poor economy structure at that time. So, he started living in that house to use it. After three years gap, he sold all those three townhouses at a very high price. Then Federal Government had analysed this case minutely. The Government stated that the main intention of the owner of he house was t make a profit out of that investment. This intention will come under basic business activity. So, the received payment from selling that townhouse will be granted as ordinary income (Ronalds and Raper 2012). As per the Australian law, this income will be taxed. References: Aust, A., 2013.Modern treaty law and practice. Cambridge University Press. Boyle, L., 2016. 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